Signal conversion

We start with a few definitions when we transform an analogue signal into the digital domain and back:

1. Sampling
     $$\underbrace{x_{a}(nT)}_{\mbox{analogue signal}}~ \equiv \underbrace{x(n)}_{\mbox{discrete data}}$$ (1)
   • $x_a(t)$: analogue signal
   • $T$: sampling interval, $\frac{1}{T}=F_s$ is the sampling rate
   • $x(n)$: discrete data

2. Quantisation Continuous value into discrete steps. $x(n) \rightarrow x_{q}(n)$

3. Coding $x_{q}(n) \rightarrow$ into binary sequence or integer numbers.

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